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The following is a brief overview of the 4 basic principles of design :
C R A P
Reference: Williams, R. 1994, The Non-Designer’s Design Book, Peachpit Press, USA
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Contrast |
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Contrast can be the most important visual aspect of a page. The principle is to avoid elements on the page that are merely similar – if they are not the same – then make them VERY different.
Purpose: § To create interest § Aid in the organisation of information § Supports visual hierarchy Eg. use of colour |
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Repetition |
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Repeat visual elements throughout – colour, shape, etc. Develops organisation and strengthens the unity.
Purpose: § To unify and add interest § For consistency Eg. navigation, colour identifiers, layout – anything your learner may visually recognize.
Avoid repeating the element so much that it becomes annoying and distracts from the message
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Alignment |
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Nothing should be placed on your page randomly. Every element should have some visual connection with another element on the page. This creates a clean, sophisticated look.
Purpose: § To unify and organize your page design § Be conscious of where you place your elements – always try to find something that aligns them
Avoid: § More than 1 type of text alignment on the same page § Don’t always centre align
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Proximity |
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Items relating to each other should be group close together. Items in close proximity become one visual unit rather than several separate, unrelated units.
Purpose: § Reduces clutter and confusing your reader § Organizes information – reduces cognitive load § Logical information is more likely to be remembered
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